42 results
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Diagnostic Framework ... " High MCV - >96fL ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... #causes #hematology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... - Differential Diagnosis ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Hypocalcemia #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Normal or High ... #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Binders, Vitamin D Deficiency ... Inappropriately High ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
- Differential Diagnosis ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Glucocorticoid Deficiency ... #nephrology #sodium
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
- Thiamine Deficiency ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... #diagnosis #comparison ... #neurology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... • Enzyme deficiency ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... Clinical Findings ... • Anterograde amnesia ... presentation of Thiamine deficiency ... #neurology #diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
e.g AEIOU ) or anuria ... require urgent nephrology ... creatinine (in 12 ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Administration of inulin, B2 ... mmol creatinine) High ... Low-normal EABV, High ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology