12 results
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Diagnosis Algorithm Low ... Renal Disease, Liver ... (>100 fL) • B12 ... Deficiency • ... #MCV #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Erythropoiesis (B12 ... in pernicious anemia ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low ... #phosphate #nephrology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... : - Renal failure
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Clinical Presentation ... , GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... - Parvovirus B19 ... may result from low
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... or folic acid deficiency ... treatments • Copper deficiency ... Workup: • Complete
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
1) Clinical ... Whipple, vitamin deficiency ... - Progressive amnesia ... Aphaso-apraxo-agnosia syndrome ... Differential #Subtypes #Classification
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
Renal Replacement ... SLEDD (Sustained low ... efficiency daily ... dialysis): ~12 ... RRT #managment #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency ... #typea #typeb #classification
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
) Suspect: Clinical ... Skin Disease Classification ... disease • Prolidase deficiency ... APLA/LAC: • Renal ... PLT • Anemia of