10 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Erythropoiesis (B12 ... in pernicious anemia ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) - ICU One Pager Summary
Indications (AIEOU):
 • A: Acidosis (usually severe metabolic)
derangements (hyperkalemia ... U: Symptomatic Uremia ... Corrects uremia, ... Gently corrects uremia ... #managment #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
hypomagnesemia), Eating disorders ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... megaloblastic anemia ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) - Overview
Types of CRRT
 • CVVHD - Continuous Veno-Venous hemodialysis -
Continuous Renal ... electrolytes (essentially hyperkalemia ... refractory) U: uremia ... #Continuous #Renal ... #Indications #Nephrology
Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) Modalities

RRT Modalities in the ICU:
 • IHD (Intermittent HD):  3-5 hr
(Sustained low efficiency ... daily dialysis): ~12 ... Corrects uremia, ... Gently corrects uremia ... #managment #nephrology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... : - Renal failure
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... failure (uremia ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... #AcidBase #disorders ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
of lactate as a clinical ... malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
and pernicious anemia ... Clinical Manifestations ... antibody that works ... limb or joint disorders ... Management #treatment #neurology
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
Cardiopulmonary Disorders ... embolism - Severe anemia ... e.g., diabetic, B12 ... deficiency) ... Evaluation #Geriatrics #Neurology