32 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Deficiency States ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... B12 - Anaemia, ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Micronutrient Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass
Fat-Soluble Vitamins:
 • Vitamin A - Night/complete blindness, xeropthalmia (pathologic dryness of
ataxia), Korsakoff syndrome ... cardiomyopathy) • Folate - Macrocytic ... anemiaVitamin ... B12 - Macrocytic ... #nutrition #table
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
" • Iron deficiency ... MCV - >96fL - "Macrocytic ... Megaloblastic: Vitamin ... B12 deficiency, ... Myelodysplastic syndrome
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
evaluation of macrocytic ... of the initial work-up ... B12 deficiency ... deficiency. ... #Macrocytosis #Macrocytic
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Morphology Atlas • Microcytic ... Lead poisoning • Macrocytic ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Post-splenectomy, Vitamin ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
• Drugs Oval Macrocytes ... • Dietary Deficiency ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... and Folate Deficiency ... Liver Disease #Macrocytic
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
• Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis Nutritional ... consumption • Vitamin ... B12 • Folate deficiency
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome ... B1) deficiency, ... is Korsakoff's syndrome ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... Encephalopathy #Korsakoff #Syndrome
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
upper limb) • Nutritional ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... (chronic B1 deficiency ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology ... #nutrition
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
D Deficiency • ... Shift: Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... FGF23: Fanconi Syndrome ... #phosphorus #workup