102 results
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... worsen Wernicke Encephalopathy ... • A prompt treatment ... #Management #neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... Acute Thiamine (B1 ... ) Deficiency Clinical ... #Thiamine #B1 # ... #criteria #neurology
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
thiamine (vitamin B1 ... ) deficiency, commonly ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
• Anterograde amnesia ... presentation of Thiamine deficiency ... untreated Wernicke Encephalopathy ... Treatment: Supportive ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #neurology
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Anemia - Underproduction ... Algorithm - Iron deficiency ... anemia - Anemia ... disease - Vitamin B12 ... and/or folate deficiency
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... • Thiamine B1 ... • Riboflavin B2 ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #Vitamins #Deficiency
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin B12 ... Deficiency - Cobalamin ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... pylori infection, B12 ... #Deficiency #Cobalamin
Medications for the Management of Anemia

TREATMENT OF ANEMIA
 - Cyanocobalamin/B12
 - Erythropoietin/epoetin alfa
 - Darbepoetin alfa
Management of Anemia ... TREATMENT OF ... /B12 - Erythropoietin ... acid - Iron TREATMENT ... #Pharmacology #Treatment
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia ... inflammation) • Iron deficiency ... Sideroblastic anemia ... Megaloblastic: Folate deficiency ... , B12 deficiency
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency ... Thalassemia, Iron deficiency ... Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... or Folate deficiency ... Cell RBC: G6PD deficiency