23 results
Sarcoidosis 
Non-caseating granulomas (Composed of T-helper & inflammatory cells) 
Clinical:
 • Disease fatal in 10% of
Clinical: • Disease ... exertion • Neurologic ... #Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #Pulmonary
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Méniére's disease ... Vascular disorders ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
mainly AQP4-lgG disease ... Comorbid autoimmune disorders ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... and signs below ... myelopathy - Vit B12 ... Sarcoidosis, Behcet disease ... #diagnosis #neurology
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis ... Romana's sign ... Indeterminate form (No signs ... /symptoms, positive ... Cardiomyopathy: Conduction disorders
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... Check Vitamin B12 ... Deficiency: - Vitamin B12 ... #management #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Non-neuromuscular disorder ... (Cardiac, pulmonary ... endocrine: Vitamin B12 ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
with autoimmune disorders ... mellitus, thyroid disease ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs ... stages #staging #msk
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... oral ulcers in 12 ... #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology