12 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... Polyneuropathy, Acute ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Syndrome ->Cord ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
- Spinal Cord Syndromes ... result in permanent neurologic ... HIV) - Vitamin B12 ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
• Symptoms and signs ... Causes: 1. ... myelopathy - Vit B12 ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine • MCC- acute ... - Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... : • Spinal cord ... #causes #neurology
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
Orthopedic Emergencies ... long - Delay>12 ... • Syndrome caused ... days after an acute ... • Diagnosis:
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Spasticity - Reflexes ... absent initially -> Hyperreflexia ... • Bilateral signs ... Check Vitamin B12 ... #management #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... (Hyperreflexia, ... Progressive MS (Spinal cord ... symptoms) • Acute ... #management #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Impairment: • Acute ... of the spinal cord ... endocrine: Vitamin B12 ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
multiple spinal cord ... - Causes progressive ... Weakness + slowness, Hyperreflexia ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology