65 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... : vitamin B12 or ... folic acid deficiency ... • Copper deficiency ... #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
and non-hematologic ... Toxins • Aplastic Anemia ... Myelodysplasia Nutritional ... deficiency: • ... B12/folate/combined
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #Vitamins #Deficiency ... signs #symptoms #nutrition
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
• Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis Nutritional ... consumption • Vitamin B12 ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
upper limb) • Nutritional ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... Encephalopathy • A prompt treatment ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... (chronic B1 deficiency
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Algorithm - Iron deficiency ... anemia - Anemia ... disease - Vitamin B12 ... and/or folate deficiency ... Underproduction #Algorithm #hematology
Diagnosing Vitamin B12 and/or Folate Deficiency

It turns out that simply measuring serum levels of B12 or
and/or Folate Deficiency ... deficiency. ... deficiency. ... #Diagnosis #Nutrition ... #Hematology #ComparisonTable
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
• Dietary Deficiency ... - Low Serum B12 ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... and Folate Deficiency ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Megaloblastic: Vitamin B12 ... deficiency, Folate ... deficiency • ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #hematology
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... diarrhoea, Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Haematological: Anaemia ... drkeithsiau #Copper #Deficiency