109 results
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
and Management Algorithm ... sick sinus, AV block ... Hypothyroidism - TOX: beta-blockers ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... TREATMENT - Drugs (beta-blockers
Pacemaker Placement Indications
Class I:
 • Third degree block
 • Advanced 2nd degree block
 • Symptomatic Mobitz
• Third degree block ... or 3rd degree block ... Class Ill: • Syncope ... • Reversible causes ... of AV block -
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
: • MOA: Block ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... : • MOA: Block ... : • MOA: Block ... Classification #Classes
Differential Diagnosis of Syncope
First, is it syncope? History is very important for distinguishing syncope from other
First, is it syncope ... from other causes ... Common causes of ... #Causes #Differential ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
- Vasovagal syncope ... bradycardia • Sinus pauses ... • AV block ... side effect (e.g. αblockers ... Classification #Table #Causes
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis
The percentage of syncopal events secondary to arrhythmias or structural disease is generally
Syncope - Differential ... percentage of syncopal ... Sick sinus, AV block ... Others Non-syncopal ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Reflex Syncope:
• Vasovagal: Prolonged standing, Stress, Pain
• Situational: Coughing, Sneezing, Micturition, Defecation,
Syncope - Differential ... Framework Reflex Syncope ... Medication Effect: a-blockers ... bradycardia, Sinus pauses ... , AV block • Tachyarrhythmias
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
: • MOA: Block ... 2 - Beta Blockers ... : • MOA: Block ... : • MOA: Block ... Classification #Classes
Causes of Syncope #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Neuro #Syncope #Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Syncope ... EM #IM #Neuro #Syncope ... #Differential #Algorithm
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Syncope - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... /3rd degree AV Block ... Tachy-Brady Syndrome #Syncope ... #causes