1736 results
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
Hepatitis B - Treatment ... Indications Treatment ... ), normal ALT Treatment ... injury (INR > 2, bilirubin ... Indications #management #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Management
A. Initiate therapy 
 - Initiate 1st line therapy with UDCA (13-15
abnormal conjugated bilirubin ... Cirrhosis #Management #Treatment ... #hepatology
Bilirubin Metabolism - Pathophysiology
 • Conjugated Bilirubin
 • Unconjugated Bilirubin

By Dr. Khushboo Gala @LouLectures

#Bilirubin #Metabolism #Pathophysiology
Bilirubin Metabolism ... • Conjugated Bilirubin ... • Unconjugated Bilirubin ... LouLectures #Bilirubin ... Pathophysiology #hepatology
Biochemistry and Metabolism of Bilirubin
Hemolysis → Hemoglobin → Heme → Biliverdin → Unconjugated Bilirubin (a.k.a. "indirect
Metabolism of Bilirubin ... → Unconjugated Bilirubin ... "indirect bilirubin ... and "indirect" bilirubin ... pathophysiology #hepatology
Laboratory Testing in Hemolytic Anemia

Intravascular vs Extravascular Hemolysis
Reticulocytes
Unconjugated bilirubin
LDH
Peripheral smear
Haptoglobin
Urine hemosiderin
Urine hemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin

#Hemolytic #Anemia #Laboratory #Testing #workup
Unconjugated bilirubin ... workup #diagnosis #hematology
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Phosphatase and Bilirubin ... initial insult Bilirubin ... transports conjugated bilirubin ... ASTALT #AlkPhos #Bilirubin ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
birth with serum bilirubin ... associated with bilirubin ... in conjugated bilirubin ... in conjugated bilirubin ... #hepatology #diagnosis
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Increased Serum bilirubin ... Causes #Workup #Hematology
Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal
in bone Total bilirubin ... TBili) Direct bilirubin ... Indirect bilirubin ... Interpretation #diagnosis #hepatology
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
/ unconjugated bilirubin ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology