871 results
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis/Liver ... No extrahepatic biliary ... or higher • Liver ... malignancy #Primary #Biliary
Causes of Severe Acute Liver Injury
 - Ichemic hepatitis
 - Acute biliary obstruction
 - Drug-Induced liver
of Severe Acute Liver ... hepatitis - Acute biliary ... - Drug-Induced liver ... Hemochromatosis - Primary biliary
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Elevated Liver Enzymes ... disease US — Normal Bile ... US - Dilated Bile ... Ducts • Common Bile ... Duct Stone • Biliary
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
Liver Function Test ... specific for the liver ... ALP - Biliary ... tree or bile flow ... SinaiBmoreIMRes #Liver
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Extrahepatic - Biliary ... Choledocholithiasis, Biliary ... - Obstruction: Biliary ... ALP - Surface of bile ... - Cholestasis/Bile
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
disturbance (obstructed liver ... Highest • Bone • Liver ... Drugs - Primary biliary ... PSC - Other biliary ... diseases/Bile duct
Cholestatic Liver Disease: Primary Biliary Cirrhosis vs Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

#pathophysiology #pbc #psc #hepatology #comparison
Cholestatic Liver ... Disease: Primary Biliary
Right Upper Quadrant Pain
Liver:
 - Infectious: Acute viral hepatitis, Liver abscess
 - Non-infectious: hepatitis (Alcohol, Medications),
Quadrant Pain Liver ... viral hepatitis, Liver ... Budd-Chiari syndrome Biliary ... "biliary colic")
Mechanism of Action of Bile Acid Sequestrants
Bile Acid Sequestrants → ↓ Hepatic Bile Acid Pool →
Mechanism of Action of Bile ... Sequestrants Bile ... Sequestrants → ↓ Hepatic Bile ... Pool → ↑ Hepatic Bile ... Plasma LDL-C #biliary
Liver Mass Differential Diagnosis
Solid:
 • Benign: Hepatic Hemangioma, Focal nodular hyperplasia, Hepatocellular adenoma, Regenerative nodules
 •
Liver Mass Differential ... Cystadenoma, Polycystic liver ... disease, Biliary ... Echinococcus #Liver