19 results
Mechanism of Action of Bile Acid Sequestrants
Bile Acid Sequestrants → ↓ Hepatic Bile Acid Pool →
Mechanism of Action of Bile ... Sequestrants Bile ... Pool → ↑ Hepatic Bile ... Plasma LDL-C #biliary ... sequestration #pathophysiology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
Environmental Risk Factors: Geographic location, Smoking, Microbial triggers, Xenobiotics, Nail polish
Epigentics Risk
Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... gradual loss of bile ... inflammation and biliary ... #PBC #Primary #Biliary
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... US - Dilated Bile ... Ducts • Common Bile ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Trypanosomiasis - Trypanosoma cruzi Life Cycle
1) Triatomine bug takes a blood meal (passes metacyclic trypomastigotes in
trypomastigotes enter bite ... various cells at bite ... Amastigotes multiply by binary ... LifeCycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... infectiousdiseases #cdc #parasite
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis
Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • US - Normal Bile ... • US - Dilated Bile ... - CBD stone, Biliary ... Transaminitis #Algorithm
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... of intralobular bile ... No extrahepatic biliary ... malignancy #Primary #Biliary
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drugs - Primary biliary ... PSC - Other biliary ... diseases/Bile duct ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extrahepatic - Biliary ... Choledocholithiasis, Biliary ... - Obstruction: Biliary ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Biliary Ascariasis - Balloon Extraction on Endoscopy/ERCP

8 years old patient with acute pancreatitis and a MRCP
Biliary Ascariasis ... tubular image in the bile ... ManearrietaGar #Biliary ... #EGD #Ascaris #parasite
Onchocerciasis “River Blindness”: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations
Vectorial Transmission
-> Onchocerca volvulus, a parasitic helminth, matures in to
Onchocerca volvulus, a parasitic ... -> Black fly bites ... RiverBlindness #pathophysiology