15 results
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... unusual bruising or bleeding ... by bleeding (petechiae ... Workup: • Complete ... diagnosis #hematology #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... ecchymoses, mucosal bleeding ... and petechiae Causes ... Treatment: ... #oncology #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... = funny-shaped cells ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... #hematology #oncology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
PO4& Mg prior to feeding ... - CHF - Pulmonary ... PO4 and Mg into cells ... hemolysis - anemia ... pathophysiology #symptoms #signs
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Treatment depends ... maintained fever CAUSES ... hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... amphetamines) Toxic: • Radiologic ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Leukemia #Hematology #Oncology
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Physical Exam/Signs ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... Leukemia #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
full infectious work-up ... Simultaneous clotting and bleeding ... Treat underlying cause ... interventional radiology ... renal failure, pulmonary
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Syndromes - OnePager ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... Goodpasture's cause ... leading to diffuse ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
Weight loss • Anemia ... Immune hemolytic anemia ... Hodgkin Lymphoma Workup ... Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment ... classification #hematology #oncology