9 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... ABG And BMP Normal ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... urinary losses: • High ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketosis Disorders ... bodies are a normal metabolic ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... syndrome ... #ketones #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... with specific bleeding ... disorders Vasopressin ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Complications after Bariatric Surgery
Post Bariatric Intestinal Failure:
 • Severe protein malnutrition after bariatric surgery
 • More
treatment, but high ... after RYGB • Disorder ... marked by high ... oral calcium, potassium ... gastroenterology #diagnosis #differential