24 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... high in kidney ... acidosis, a high ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... acidosis: Gl tract ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... potassium #low #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... with short bowel syndrome ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... PRA: Renal artery ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... PRA: Renal artery ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... - RenalUrine ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... syndrome: troponin ... imaging #Acute #Kidney ... #Injury #AKI #Workup ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... urinary losses: • High ... acidosis: Proximal ... #potassium #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Acute tubular injury ... Non-glomerular bleeding ... acute tubular injury ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... AG metabolic acidosis ... AG metabolic acidosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology