29 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... repeat testing • Acute ... of glomerular bleeding ... if cause not identified ... #urology #blood
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... /low blood pressure ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Base Disorders - Blood ... Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... metabolic alkalosis ... Hypochloremia #Differential ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential ... leukemia Measure Urine ... resp. alkalosis ... #phosphate #nephrology