16 results
Approach to Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

1. Definition: T.bili elevation + >20% conjugated
2. Obtain RUQ
non-ICU vs ICU causes ... Hyperbilirubinemia #direct #bilirubin ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #gastroenterology ... #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Algorithm Vascular Causes ... liver, Thrombosis, Emboli ... • Bilirubin - ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
valves (septic emboli ... considered in all cases ... coagulation and other causes ... Vasculitis • Injury ... pathophysiology #hematology
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
: Acute kidney injury ... aminotransferases, Elevated bilirubin ... Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, Nausea ... thrombosis, Pulmonary embolism ... cardiomyopathy, Myocardial injury
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
hemolysis or liver injury ... associated with bilirubin ... and stress may cause ... #hepatology #diagnosis ... #gastroenterology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
metabolites induce injury ... invade URT & via hematologic ... lethargy, poor feeding ... CNS and hematologic ... abnormal vaginal bleeding
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Bilirubin - ... week • Direct bilirubin ... Elevation: • Bilirubin ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... #differential #Hepatology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Immune mediated injury ... of Glomerular Bleeding ... • Renal artery embolism ... and SMA - Can cause ... Exercise induced bleeding
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... • Pulmonary embolism ... • Postcardiac injury ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hepatology ... #causes
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
Paradoxical spontaneous bleeding ... thrombophlebitis, pulmonary emboli ... cryoglobulins • Negative causes ... DIC • Septic emboli ... #hematology