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Aplastic Anemia and Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes with Pancytopenia

Fanconi Anemia
Acquired Aplastic Anemia
Dyskeratosis Congenita & Telemore Biology
Aplastic Anemia ... Acquired Aplastic ... Telemore Biology Disorders ... BoneMarrow #Failure #Aplastic ... #Hematology
Aplastic Anemia Summary

 • Definition
 • Pathophysiology
 • DDx: AA vs Hypocellular MDS
 • Expectation
 •
Aplastic Anemia ... @ZhuoerXie #Aplastic ... #Anemia #diagnosis ... #oncology #hematololgy
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Aplastic Anemia ... neutropenia • Mucosal bleeding ... • Symptomatic anemia ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #Aplastic ... management #treatment #hematology
Causes of Neutropenia with Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sequestration:
 • Splenomegaly
Marrow Infiltration:
 • Hematologic and non-hematologic
Infiltration: • Hematologic ... and non-hematologic ... • Toxins • Aplastic ... Anemia • Myelodysplasia ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Bleeding disorders in children

#Bleeding #Disorders #Differential #Hematology #Pediatrics #Peds
Bleeding disorders ... in children #Bleeding ... #Disorders #Differential ... #Hematology #Pediatrics
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Deficiency • Aplastic ... AnemiaAnemia ... • RBC Membrane Disorder ... RBC Metabolism Disorder ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Aplastic Anemia ... • Aplastic anemia ... mutations) • Immune Aplastic ... ecchymoses, mucosal bleeding ... #hematology #diagnosis
Pancytopenia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Consumption Disorders
 1. Autoimmune Mediated Pancytopenia
 2. Splenic Sequestration
Peripheral Destruction
Algorithm Consumption Disorders ... Eating disorders ... FISH • Acquired Aplastic ... Anemia • Hypoplastic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... Non-hemolytic: ACD, Aplastic ... anemia, CKD • ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Approach to Leukocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Features of hematologic malignancy:
 • Symptoms: B-symptoms, bruising/bleeding, fatigue/weakness, immunosuppression
Features of hematologic ... B-symptoms, bruising/bleeding ... hepatomegaly • Labs: anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #hematology