95 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - EKG ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #EKG ... #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential #
Fecal Incontinence - Pathogenesis and Complications
Continence mechanisms are impaired
 • Local neuronal damage
 • External and
Inflammation of colon (e.g ... irritable bowel ... syndrome, laxatives ... Sensory neuropathy (e.g ... mental conditions (e.g
Stool Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Affected Pelvic Floor 
 - Trauma/Surgery
   • Surgery: Anorectal,
• Age-Related (e.g ... • Neuropathy (e.g ... Tumors/Trauma (e.g ... Syndrome • ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Diarrhea - Differential Diagnostic Algorithm
Watery/Large Volume (Small Bowel)
 • Viral
 • Bacterial (e.g. C peffrjngens,
• Bacterial (e.g ... • Parasitic (e.g ... Toxins Bloody/Pain ... • Bacterial (e.g ... • Parasitic (e.g
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Evaluation of Chronic ... Causes of acute ... syndrome 4. ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Risk factors: Previous acute enteric infection, Female
(e.g. fibromyalgia ... , chronic fatigue ... cognitions, Abuse Diarrhea ... -HT4 agonists Pain ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... • Refeeding Syndrome ... GI: • Small bowel ... diarrhea • Enteric ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Chronic Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis
Osmotic
 • Food/Drink: Lactose intolerance, Artificial sweeteners (e.g. sorbitol, high
Causes of Chronic ... Diarrhea - Differential ... Artificial sweeteners (e.g ... #Diarrhea #Causes ... #Differential #
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Pain Causes - Differential ... • Vomiting, diarrhea ... • Irritable bowel ... #Chronic #Causes ... #Differential #
Causes of Chronic Pelvic Pain (> 6 months in duration) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Co-morbidities:
 • Somatization
Causes of Chronic ... in duration) - Differential ... • Irritable bowel ... syndrome • Inflammatory ... bowel disease