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algorithm magnesium metabolic table alkalosis chloride elevation gitelman high hyperkalemia hypomg kidney lactate management pathophysiology pediatrics stones typea typeb workup
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Poor Intake - Starvation - Anorexia GI Losses - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
- Metabolic acidosis ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Hypomagnesemia ... the indicated causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
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