8 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
losses: • High ... acidosis: Proximal ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Hypomagnesemia ... acidosis, a high ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... type 1-4, Lowe ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... symptoms: • Severe low ... #syndrome #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
excretion (e.g., urine ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... LV failure - Low ... - Compartment syndrome ... #Diagnosis #causes