8 results
What's the Dx?
• 29-year-old male 
• Transfer community hospital 
• Hypotension
• Renal failure
• Altered mental status.
Clips 1 and 2 demonstrate ... a mobile mitral ... with a vegetation ... secondary to endocarditis ... Clinical #POCUS #Echocardiogram
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... Vegetations seen ... valve - Secondary ... #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Direct: Clot (LV ... (Vegetation, Thrombus ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential #
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... (vegetations)/tumor ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... formation • Other vegetations ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... formation • Other vegetations ... -mm left sided vegetations ... #Endocarditis #Differential
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... the context of primary ... • Libman-Sacks endocarditis ... Cytopenias • Cardiac valve ... vegetations APLA