33 results
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
CMV infection: virus ... or signs. ... inclusions or positive ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... #symptoms
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... • Lyme disease ... #neurology #noninflammatory
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Fever, headache, neck ... Demyelinating disease ... and <25% culture positive
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... - Due to Viral infection ... (Cold-induced symptoms ... dehydrogenase • Positive ... Mycoplasma, EBV, HIV
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
(AQP4-lgG disease ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
history of viral infection ... Can occur with neck ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... lesion • CNS infection ... #Algorithm #neurology
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
Herpes Viruses (HSV ... (bulbar symptoms ... Miller-Fisher GBS; Positive ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
lesion Pott's Disease ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... and not direct infection ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... Skin lesions • Positive ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms