21 results
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... : - ANCA-positive ... allopurinol), Infection ... DAH, rule out infection ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria • Signs ... of glomerular disease ... #nephrology #renal
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
(AQP4-lgG disease ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
history of viral infection ... Can occur with neck ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... : • Triad of symptoms ... Myoglobinuria: UA positive ... of underlying disease
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Demyelinating syndromes ... Abdominal pain (20%) Renal ... disease (30%): ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Fever, headache, neck ... Demyelinating disease ... and <25% culture positive
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... confirm DAH, r/o infection ... or serologies + symptoms ... crescentic GN by Nick
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... Skin lesions • Positive ... ) Differential Diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
head in dependent position ... pain involving neck ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... postpartum #Diagnosis