11 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
renal failure • Chronic ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... deficiency • Renal insufficiency ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... deficiency • Renal insufficiency ... #high #nephrology
Eczematous Skin Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Eczematous - Pruritic/Scaly/Erythematous lesions. Usually poorly demarcated
 • Atopic Dermatitis
Eczematous Skin Rash - Differential ... lichenification (chronic ... Secondary to venous ... insufficiency. ... onset, requires high
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... hyperkalemia (with renal insufficiency ... Potassium-sparing ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... HCO3 - Renal insufficiency ... - Diarrhea - High ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis
Osmotic
 • Food/Drink: Lactose intolerance, Artificial sweeteners (e.g. sorbitol, high
Diarrhea - Differential ... e.g. sorbitol, high ... • Pancreatic insufficiency ... Diarrhea #Causes #Differential ... #inflammatory #classification
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Differentials? ... 0.8 Normal + High ... failure - Adrenal insufficiency ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
metabolic acidosis • Chronic ... D-lactic acidosis • Chronic ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Reduced Excretion - Differential ... Creatinine • Chronic ... ARB • Adrenal insufficiency ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Differential #