13 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Normal Jugular venous ... Raised Jugular venous ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... and metabolic alkalosis ... : • Acute or chronic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... tubular acidosis/Chronic ... failure - Adrenal insufficiency ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... ICH, Cerebral venous ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... acute reversal of chronic ... dehydrogenase activity: Chronic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... metabolic acidosis • Chronic ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... disequilibrium syndrome ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Common Ulcers of the Ankles and Feet

Chronic Venous Insuffciency 
This condition usually appears over the medial
Ankles and Feet Chronic ... Venous Insuffciency ... diabetic neuropathy, neurologic ... uncomplicated cases ... Clinical #Podiatry #Comparison
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal Insufficiency ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... - Diuretics (carbonic ... #Hypokalemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology