13 results
Bilateral tonic pupils observed in the patient with Ross syndrome. 
Absence of bilateral pupillary contraction despite
pupillary contraction ... despite light stimulation ... tonic #pupils #clinical ... #bilateral #reflex ... #neurology #absent
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... constipation Differential ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... proprioception, and light ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Following must be absent ... gait, strength, reflexes ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... pathophysiology #differential
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... result in permanent neurologic ... proprioception, vibration, light ... in deep tendon reflexes ... #lesions #differential
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
unresponsiveness; the absence ... consciousness Differential ... : • Pupillary ... light reflex • ... • Vestibulo-ocular
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... ophthalmoplegia • Afferent pupillary ... patients with clinically ... stimulation Clinical ... (Spinal cord predominant
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... white matter, spinal ... (Clinical Dx). ... Behcet disease) Differential
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... : decreased or absent ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... #differential