2972 results
Causes of Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis
Inherited
 • Membrane
 • Internal
    - Hemoglobin
Causes of Hemolytic ... Antibody/DAT+ - Complement ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... staining (lg + complement ... MGPN • Complement ... of alternative complement ... MPGN without complement
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... staining): • Low Complement ... Idiopathic • Normal Complement
C5-C9 Deficiency - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Note:
 • Risk of invasive meningococcal disease is 1000-10000x higher
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... infections • Clinical ... is rare Normal complement ... response: The complement ... cell membranes -> Critical
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... dead tissue • Complement ... activation of complement
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
POCUS Amazing video ... significantly, it causes ... echogenic as in this case ... for underlying cause ... POCUS #vascular #clinical
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... perfringens - Complement-Mediated ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Drug-Induced Edema
Drug-induced edema is caused by many drugs & can coincide with or worsen pre-existing peripheral
Drug-induced edema is caused ... Activation of the complement ... Edema #Medication #Causes
Pemberton's Sign caused by a Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Elevating the arms causes the previously flat neck veins
Pemberton's Sign caused ... Elevating the arms causes ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #vascular
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... activation • Complement ... tagged with C3 complement ... - Activate Complement ... : Abs activate complement