4046 results
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
occurs instead of contraction ... regarding the cause ... Pupillary #Defect #Neurology
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
sustained muscle contraction ... Caused commonly ... PhysicalExam #clinical #neurology
Snout (Pout) Reflex on Physical Exam
The Snout reflex or a "Pout" is a pouting or pursing
The contraction ... of the muscles causes ... clinical #video #neurology
Orbicularis Reflex in an Alzheimer's Patient on Physical Exam

Alzheimer's is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible disease.
time, and can cause ... delusions and, in some cases ... forward due to contraction ... clinical #video #neurology
Hemimasticatory Spasm on Physical Exam

Hemimasticatory spasm is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve → involuntary jaw
spasmodic unilateral contraction ... Myokimia will cause ... cheek #CN5 #video #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... test - reflex contraction ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
symmetrically IMPAIRED CONSTRICTION ... opthalmoplegia, Constriction ... Postganglionic - Constriction ... Junction - No constriction ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
No constriction! ... DDx includes constriction ... and other rarer causes
Pathophysiology Of Constriction
Exaggerated Ventricular Interdependence:
 • Limited Cardiac Filling due to Fixed Volume → Septum Shifts
Pathophysiology Of Constriction ... expiration ↓ • Constriction ... - With constriction ... capillaries but constriction ... #constrictive #
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
- ‘a’ wave (RA contraction ... “cannon waves” caused ... by RA contraction ... - ‘c’ wave (TV cusps ... systole): ↑ in constrictive