11 results
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
Causes of Back Pain ... - Differential ... dysfunction, saddle paresthesia ... of neoplasm • Fracture ... Radicular Symptoms • Cauda
Fascia Iliaca Regional Nerve Block

Regional nerve 
blockade for early 
analgesic 
management of 
elderly patients 
with hip
Nerve Block Regional ... nerve blockade ... patients with hip fracture ... #NerveBlock #Anesthesia ... #Local #Pain #Management
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
compression of nerve ... • S - Saddle anesthesia ... - Emergency Causes ... in the perianal region ... #diagnosis #causes
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Conditions: • Cauda ... Syndrome - Low back pain ... Commonly caused ... damage to peroneal nerve ... such as fibular fracture
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... • Fracture • Arthritis ... Causes of Leg Pain ... Paralysis 4) Paresthesia ... #differential #
Monteggia Fracture 
Fracture of proximal ulnar shaft with radial head dislocation. Remember “MUGR” to recall where
ulnar shaft with radial ... and missing the radial ... posterior interosseous nerve ... : Pain control ... • If stable
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Vertebral burst fracture ... Impotence - Saddle anesthesia ... involvement Cauda ... loss - Saddle anesthesia ... syndromes #lesions #differential
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
irreversible muscle and nerve ... Syndrome • Syndrome caused ... - Intense pain ... days, the local pain ... progresses to anaesthesia
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Lower roots -> Cauda ... compression by fractured ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... and/or bulbar region
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... symptoms are not caused ... epileptic seizure, cranial ... ): 5-10%, nervous ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management