14 results
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Comparison: • Primary ... Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Primary Hyperthyroidism ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Pretibial myxedema #Primary ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Petechiae/Purpura - Diagnostic Algorithm. Pathophysiology: 1) Represent the passage of erythrocytes from the intravascular to extravascular
Pathophysiology: ... or disorders of primary ... commonly renal and pulmonary ... #Diagnosis #Dermatology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
RPGN has three primary ... pathophysiologic ... With associated pulmonary ... diagnosis #algorithm #rheumatology
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Multi-system autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs
3
thickening Signs and Symptoms ... Hepatic: PBC (primary ... calcinosis • Pulmonary ... disease), PAH (pulmonary ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... 65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... PBC Signs and Symptoms ... malignancy #Primary ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... , and CXR with pulmonary ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Imaging: CXR- pulmonary ... Diagnosis: >3 symptoms ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
Cryofibrinogenemia Symptoms ... Primary (essential ... thrombophlebitis, pulmonary ... Cryofibrinogenemia #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #hematology
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
context of other symptoms ... Autoimmune Hepatitis, Primary ... , Interstitial Pulmonary ... ANA #patterns #rheumatology