10 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... require urgent nephrology ... evaluation? ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... and chronic kidney ... colored compounds (e.g ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Approach (when evaluation ... An acute rise or ... with previously stable ... disturbance, or acute ... kidney injury).
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
A) Initial Evaluation ... Evaluate underlying cause ... Cardioembolic: • ECG ... Ruled out other causes ... ischemic #CVA #stroke
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Preoperative Risk Evaluation ... complications from anesthesia ... Obtain EKG if: ... • <6mo since stroke ... perioperative #Risk #Evaluation
Emergency Evacuation  - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Anaesthetised or sedated patient requires unplanned transfer because
Emergency Evacuation ... environmental hazard (e.g ... . flood, fire, smoke ... Transfer on operating table ... #Patient #Evacuation
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
hepatitis, or acute ... Exclude other AKI causes ... IV albumin (1 g/kg ... liver transplant evaluation ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
important to recognize Acute ... are excellent at evaluating ... forward flow to the kidneys ... the determined cause ... cardiology #treatment #table
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
Evaluation of Recurrent ... Examples: - Stroke ... Dementia - Stroke ... #Differential #Evaluation ... #Geriatrics #Neurology