18 results
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Myopathy (Also caused ... #SLE #MSK #Musculoskeletal ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... diabetes Key signs ... Endo #DKA #HHS #Ddxof
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Approach (when evaluation ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Causes: • Vascular ... Coarctation of aorta
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Allopecia - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Hair Loss

Localized / Focal Hair Loss Pattern:
 • Scarring Alopecia:
Discoid lupus erythematosus ... Alopecia: Lupus erythematosus ... Examination: • Signs ... Scaling, pustules, crusts ... • Laboratory evaluation
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
the abdominal aorta ... retroperitoneal masses ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... < 30 years - Aorta ... branches • GCA: - Aorta ... systemic lupus erythematosus ... purpura: strong sign
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
countries (11-24 cases ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... anterior/posterior MSK ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs ... stages #staging #msk