18 results
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
Pain Causes - Differential ... have had prior evaluations ... Red Flags: • Fever ... the patient • Blood ... #Chronic #Causes
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the Evaluation ... of Chronic Diarrhea ... Causes of acute ... Systemic disease ... #Diarrhea #management
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
decades of life Causes ... symptoms - Headache, fever ... , abdominal pain ... , diarrhea, Tachycardia ... urticaria, Chronic
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Diagnosis Framework Disease ... angioinvasive disease ... , cough, bloody ... , chronic diarrhea ... vomiting, and diarrhea
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
extramedullary disease ... -> AML: Blast crises ... , fever, joint pain ... Lymphadenopathy • HSM • Fevers ... #Leukemia #Hematology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Base Disorders - Blood ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... Hyperventilation (Anxiety, pain ... , fever, hypoxia ... restrictive lung disease
Aortic Dissection Pearls
Aortic dissection is caused by a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer
dissection is caused ... Evaluation: 1. ... • Aortic valve disease ... ~60 • Control blood ... Dissection #diagnosis #management
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... pneumonia • Chronic ... : • 80% have fever ... Pleuritic chest pain ... anemia • Sputum/Blood
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Phagocytosis of blood ... • Clinical: fever ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... inhibitors under evaluation ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
S/sx: Fever, flank ... pain, dark urine ... cutaneous eruptions, diarrhea ... Transfusion #diagnosis #management ... #hematology #reactions