21 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia #Algorithm #VolumeStatus #Differential #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis ... and Evaluation ... of Hyponatremia ... IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro #Hypernatremia #Algorithm #VolumeStatus #Differential #DiabetesInsipidus #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis ... and Evaluation ... of Hypernatremia ... #IM #Nephro #Hypernatremia ... DiabetesInsipidus #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... and Evaluation ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Causes of Secondary ... • Meningitis Metabolic ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology ... #Causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... #Causes #nephrology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis of Macroscopic ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... #EM #IM #Urology ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cushing's syndrome, Liddle ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Neuropathy • Metabolic ... Willis via UNC IM ... Peripheral #Neuropathy #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology