21 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Primary and Secondary Causes of Cardiomyopathy
(a) Primary cardiomyopathies 
 - Genetic 
 - Mixed (genetic/acquired)
Causes of Cardiomyopathy ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #Secondary #Cardiomyopathy ... #Differential # ... Causes
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Diagnosis and Causes ... Physical Exam: ↑JVP ... Sarcoidosis, Primary ... #differential # ... cardiology #algorithm
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
Causes of Sudden ... Cardiac Arrest Primary ... Cardiac #Arrest #cardiology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - Differential ... angiography • Primary ... #Hypertension #Differential ... #Screening #Workup ... #table
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
constriction, restrictive cardiomyopathy ... and other rarer causes ... Kussmauls #Sign #physicalexam ... clinical #video #jvp ... #cardiology #neck
Kussmaul's Sign - Differential Diagnosis

Typically the JVP decreases with inspiration as the negative intrathoracic pressure "sucks
Typically the JVP ... or increase in JVP ... include restrictive cardiomyopathy ... Kussmauls #Sign #physicalexam ... causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Causes of Hypertension ... - Differential ... taken at home, work ... Secondary #HTN #Cardiology ... #Differential #
Kussmaul's #sign is the paradoxical increase or failure to fall of mean #JVP with inspiration. Commonest
fall of mean #JVP ... Commonest cause ... Constriction, restrictive cardiomyopathy ... #Kussmauls #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #cardiology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg