10 results
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS ... Polydipsia #dka #hhs ... pathophysiology #comparison #endocrinology ... #diabetes #diabetic ... #ketoacidosis #
Hyperglycemic Crisis - Algorithm for DKA/HHS

Diagnostic criteria for DKA:
 • pH < 7.3
 • Anion gap
Hyperglycemic Crisis - Algorithm ... Hyperglycemic #Crisis #Algorithm ... #management #endocrinology ... #Diabetes #DM2 ... #Ketoacidosis
Type 2 Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
Lifestyle  Modifications (Diet and Exercise) -> Start
and Management Algorithm ... qhs (D/C Secretagogues ... relative with DM2 ... • Secondary Causes ... Targets #Management #algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Diabetes Mellitus ... Medication Guide Classes ... in Type 1 Diabetes ... #Mellitus #DM2 ... comparison #table #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
• Alcoholic ketoacidosis ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - caused ... Glucosuria causes ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
• Increases insulin-mediated ... agent • Does not cause ... e.g. diarrhea, nausea ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2 ... #diabetes #endocrinology
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
patients with type 2 diabetes ... have new-onset diabetes ... Continue insulin ... and acidosis has ... #DKA #EDKA #Insulin
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... ensure patient has ... pathophysiology #endocrinology ... #diabetes
DPP4 Inhibitors - Normal and Renal Dosing

Increase Incretins (GLP-I & GIP) -> Stimulates Insulin, Inhibits Glucagon
-> Stimulates Insulin ... will stimulate insulin ... This drug class has ... Pharmacology #Management #Diabetes ... #DM2 #Endocrinology
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas (GLP-1
glucose-dependent insulin ... e.g. diarrhea, nausea ... not definitively cause ... Pharmacology #Summary #DM2 ... #diabetes #endocrinology