17 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Urinary Losses - Diuretics ... tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Potassium #Table #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
• ↑ in serum Cr ... baseline - Type ... 2 weeks - Type ... output and/or ↓ diuretic ... 2 HRS) • Low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Gynecomastia - Differential Diagnosis a
nd Workup Algorithm
Gynecomastia is common in clinical practice, affecting ~50% of males
Diagnosis a nd Workup ... Algorithm Gynecomastia ... How to approach? ... Labs: TSH, Cr, LFTs ... #Algorithm #endocrinology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... consumption • Low ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... Hypokalemia #diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #nephrology #low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Carboxymaltose, CAR-T ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... nephrology #phosphorus #workup
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... reabsorption) Workup ... acidosis) • Low ... Slow - don’t delay
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
-95% of cases) Classification ... Hodgkin Lymphoma Workup ... Blood Count - Low ... may be high or low ... lymphoma #diagnosis #classification