133 results
Changes in urinary composition induced by Diuretic drugs

#Urine #Effects #Diuretics #Electrolytes #Diagnosis #Calcium #Nephrology
composition induced by Diuretic ... drugs #Urine ... #Effects #Diuretics ... Diagnosis #Calcium #Nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
3L /day Water Diuresis ... (Urine Osm <100 ... Insipidus Mixed Diuresis ... Failure Solute Diuresis ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics, ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... (late) • High Urine ... Cl-: Diuretics, ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... : Conventional diuretics ... Polyuria Mimics (↑ urine ... frequency without ↑ urine ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Brudzinski's Sign in Meningitis

Forced flexion of the neck elicits a reflex flexion of the hips. It
Brudzinski's Sign ... #Brudzinskis #Signs ... PhysicalExam #Clinical #Video ... #neurology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Urine K+ <13 mEq ... loss: Diarrhea Urine ... Cl - Loop diuretics ... , Thiazide diuretics ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Polyuria = >3L Urine ... output / 24 hours Urine ... mg/dL]/18 HIGH urine ... mosm/kg • Solute Diuresis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Brudzinski's Sign on Physical Exam - Meningitis

#Brudzinskis #Sign #PhysicalExam #clinical #video #neurology #peds #pediatrics #meningitis
Brudzinski's Sign ... #Brudzinskis #Sign ... PhysicalExam #clinical #video ... #neurology #peds