10 results
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
, CNS/muscular disorders ... ) Evaluate for Respiratory ... Contraction Urine Cl ... Barter, or Gitelman Syndrome ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
- Differential Diagnosis ... , Acute Respiratory ... Alkalosis, Tumor ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... #AcidBase #disorders
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
an autoimmune disorder ... myasthenia Diagnosis ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign ... #management #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Non-neuromuscular disorder ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... dystrophies Work ... #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Fractional excretion of Cl ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
other neurological disorders ... Anti-GAD Ab (>1000u/ml ... antibody that works ... limb or joint disorders ... Management #treatment #neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... • Diagnosis of ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... specific bleeding disorders ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... in 100 mL boluses ... obtundation. coma. respiratory