32 results
Effects of Strokes by Location - Anterior vs Posterior Localization

Anterior Circulation 
 - MCA 
 -
Artery #Strokes #Syndromes ... Territory #Symptoms #Signs ... Localization #Effects #Neurology ... #Diagnosis #Table ... Review in Clinical Neurology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
limb Gitelman syndrome ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Algorithm for the Treatment of Uremic Pruritus
Nonpharmacologic Treatments:
 • Daily topical emollient
 • Avoidance of extremes
Algorithm for the ... Topical cromolyn sodium ... nalfurafine 2.5 mcg ... uremia #itching #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Volume ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypertensive ... Normotensive: • UCl ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemic ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology