21 results
Algorithm for evaluating multiple ring-enhancing lesions in immunocompetent (HIV negative)

#ringenhancing #lesions #cns #brain #diagnosis #differential #algorithm
Algorithm for evaluating ... immunocompetent (HIV ... #cns #brain #diagnosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
PCR 50% sensitive ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
- Differential Diagnosis ... Bell's palsy (HSV ... Vestibular neuronitis, CNS ... abscessNeurologic ... Sclerosis, Conversion Disorder
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Suspect in movement disorders ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... Demyelinating disease caused
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... mononuclear cells in the CNS ... lesions, which ... Diagnosis: MRI ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Algorithm Unprovoked ... Abscess, Toxoplasmosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
CNS: parietal ... encephalitis) • Brain ... lesions (e.g. stroke ... • Psychiatric disorders ... #neurology #differential
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
Normal Reflexes - Brain ... Hemorrhage • CNS ... Intracranial Mass/lesion ... Hematoma • Abscess ... #Algorithm #Causes
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... pulmonary etc) • CNS ... abscess • Toxic ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Algorithm Red ... history of cancer, HIV ... Space-occupying brain ... lesionCNS ... #Algorithm #neurology