13 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... Imaging: - MRI ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... Demyelinating disease caused ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... PCR 50% sensitive ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary ... Infectious: Brain abscess ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... cord infarct • HIV ... Spinal infection/abscess ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #causes #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
(AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... acidosis: - CNS ... #ABG #bloodgas
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... nervous system (CNS ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
(IRIS): • In HIV ... stroke Tuberculous Abscess ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... or abruptly • CN ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... Pneumonia: • PVL ... #AIDS #pulmonary ... #infectiousdiseases
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... Transverse Myelitis Diagnosis ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... only if no clear cause ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS