11 results
Demyelinating Diseases - Differential Diagnosis
 • Inflammatory: MS, ADEM, NMO, Paraneoplastic, Sjogren's, Polyarteritis nodosa, SLE
 •
: MS, ADEM, NMO, ... • Infectious: HIV ... Neurosyphilis, PML ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
but important causes ... BCNIE Diagnostic ... factors: - Serology ... #differential # ... workup #infectiousdiseases
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... Imaging: - MRI ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... Demyelinating disease caused ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
cord infarct • HIV ... Spinal infection/abscess ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Then, ask 3 questions ... Assess volume status ... the underlying cause ... through a peripheral IV
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Pneumonia: • PVL ... AIDS #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... Transverse Myelitis Diagnosis ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology ... #differential
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... only if no clear cause ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology