10 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... IgG • CNS PCR ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #Brain #differential ... #radiology #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... parietal - Size lesions ... Enhancement: multifocal lesions ... punched-out" cystic lesions ... diagnosis #AIDS
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... bilateral white matter lesions ... lesions, which ... Diagnosis: MRI ... disorder #dementia #AIDS
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Space occupying lesions ... Brain tumor • Lesions ... Infectious: Brain abscess ... Lesions Of The Peripheral ... EMG) studies • MRI
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
osteitis, cutaneous lesions ... pneumonia, skin lesions ... Leprae - Cutaneous lesions ... flare, ocular lesions ... Worsening of cutaneous lesions
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... Polymorphic skin lesions ... Multiple skin lesions ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... #AIDS #pulmonary
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... compressive cord lesion ... less swollen - Lesion ... or optic nerve lesions ... simplex virus, HIV
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
nervous system (CNS ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... noninflammatory #differential
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... Diagnosis: • ... cord infarct • HIV ... Spinal infection/abscess ... Imaging studies: • MRI
Morel-Lavallée Lesion - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Large, smoothly marginated, well-circumscribed mass along the medial myofascial
Morel-Lavallée Lesion ... - MSK Radiology ... margin of the lesion ... Differential diagnosis ... #diagnosis #msk