14 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive ... Definition: HIV-Associated ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... disorder #dementia #AIDS
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... Principles of HIV-Associated ... Imaging: - MRI ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #AIDS #opportunistic
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... affecting the Brain ... Non-inflammatory causes ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... axonal form • MRI ... GQ1b IgG Antibody associated
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... Neoplastic: Malignancy-associated ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... fluctuations PRES-Associated ... the underlying cause ... until cause identified ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #causes #neurology
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Associated with: ... Myotonic dystrophy - Brain ... Miller Fischer and PCB ... myasthenia Diagnosis ... #management #neurology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... of a "flu-like syndrome ... factor • May cause ... #AIDS #pulmonary