16 results
Algorithm for evaluating multiple ring-enhancing lesions in immunocompetent (HIV negative)

#ringenhancing #lesions #cns #brain #diagnosis #differential #algorithm
immunocompetent (HIV ... ringenhancing #lesions #cns ... #brain #diagnosis ... differential #algorithm #causes ... #radiology #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #differential #diagnosis ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... PCR 50% sensitive ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... mononuclear cells in the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... (JC virus) Brain ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... - Emergency Causes ... cord infarct • HIV ... • Provocative Tests ... #causes #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... affecting the Brain ... nervous system (CNS ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
encephalitis, West ... Herpes Viruses (HSV ... opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome - brain ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
(IRIS): • In HIV ... contrast enhancement Brain ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis ... differential #TB #neurology
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Myotonic dystrophy - Brain ... myasthenia Diagnosis ... Bedside: ice pack test ... /Edrophonium test ... #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... • Infectious causes ... ruled out • Brain ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology