13 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... #Summary #Nephrology ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
In a normal gap ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Acid-Base: Low ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... decarboxylation/gas ... muscle cells • Gas ... may cause metabolic ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... gap metabolic acidosis ... acid-base status ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... Potassium-sparing ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
metabolic energy ... consequence of fatty acid ... (FA) metabolism ... Glucosuria causes ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
crusade against “Ab ... Metabolic Acidosis ... K+ in the ECF causes ... Normal saline has ... criticalcare #management #diagnosis