8 results
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
peritonitis Lupus nephritis ... abnormalities (non-nephrotic ... hematuria) • Frank nephritis ... (nephrotic-range ... suspicion for nephritis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... glomerulonephritis #nephrotic ... #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology ... #nephrotic #nephritis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... , and nephrotic ... , and nephrotic ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Autoimmune disease ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management