57 results
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Algorithm Decreased WBCs ... Normal/lncreased WBCs ... ) - Abnormal RBCs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Microscopy and Casts - Image Atlas Key

- Squamous Epithelial Casts
- Transitional Epithelial Cells
- Renal Tubular
Microscopy and Casts ... Hyaline Cast - WBCs ... - Monomorphic RBCs ... - Dysmorphic RBCs ... - Granular Casts
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Urinalysis >3 RBCs ... of UTI, urine WBCs ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... , dysmorphic RBCs ... Nephrology if cause
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... microscopy for WBCs ... , RBCs, casts, crystals
Internal Jugular Vein Rouleaux Flow on POCUS

Amazing video of a dilated IJV showing Rouleaux flow. Whenever
significantly, it causes ... the RBCs to clump ... echogenic as in this case ... for underlying cause
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Pernicious Anemia RBCs ... Cells, Normal WBCs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Simple flowchart guide to interpreting arterial blood gases (ABGs). 

#abg #bloodgas #interpretation #algorithm #diagnosis
arterial blood gases ... (ABGs).
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Cardiovascular Causes ... Myocarditis - CAD/ACS ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... Pneumothorax Other Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... failure - CAD/ACS ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... syndrome Other Causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Life Threatening Causes of Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Table

 • ACS
 • Aortic Dissection
 •
Life Threatening Causes ... Diagnosis Table • ACS